Which condition is characterized by multiple joint contractures and muscle weakness present at birth?

The condition characterized by multiple joint contractures and muscle weakness present at birth is Arthrogryposis. This congenital disorder affects the musculoskeletal system, resulting in joint stiffness and limited range of motion. The specific muscle weakening and the pattern of joint contractures are indicative of the underlying neuromuscular factors that impact fetal movement, leading to the characteristic presentation of the condition.

Arthrogryposis is often identified through physical examination at birth, where clinicians can observe the reduced range of motion in multiple joints. Infants with arthrogryposis may also present with additional features, such as underdeveloped muscles and skin folds around joints, reinforcing the diagnosis.

Other conditions listed have different presentations and implications. For instance, Spina Bifida Occulta primarily affects the spinal column and may not necessarily present with joint contractures or muscle weakness at birth. Osteogenesis Imperfecta is primarily characterized by brittle bones due to collagen defects, while Meningocele, a type of spina bifida, involves protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the spine but does not typically lead to multiple joint contractures. Thus, the unique features of arthrogryposis make it the appropriate choice in this context.