What describes a Hangman's fracture?

A Hangman's fracture specifically refers to a type of traumatic spondylolisthesis that occurs primarily at the C2 vertebra, also known as the axis. This injury typically results from hyperextension of the neck, most often due to a high-energy impact or trauma, such as that which can occur in motor vehicle accidents or falls.

In patients with a Hangman's fracture, the fracture results in the anterior displacement of C2 relative to C3, which can lead to significant instability in the cervical spine. The term "spondylolisthesis" refers to the slippage of one vertebra over another, distinguishing this condition from other types of vertebral fractures.

This type of fracture is associated with specific mechanisms of injury and presents a unique set of risks and treatment considerations, making it crucial for healthcare providers to recognize and appropriately diagnose. Other options, such as compression fractures of C1, hyperextension injuries causing fractures at C4, or fractures isolated to the lumbar region, do not accurately represent the characteristics or the typical occurrences associated with a Hangman's fracture.