What are the actions of the rhomboid major and minor muscles?

The rhomboid major and minor muscles are primary movers in the movement and stabilization of the scapula. Their primary actions include retraction of the scapula, which means they pull the scapula toward the spine, and downward rotation, which refers to the rotation of the scapula in such a way that the glenoid cavity faces downward and the inferior angle moves closer to the spinal column.

The mechanics of these actions are important in various activities, such as maintaining good posture and facilitating proper shoulder mechanics during arm movements. When the rhomboids contract, they help to stabilize the scapula against the thoracic wall, which is essential for coordinated upper limb movements. This muscle group is particularly engaged during actions that require pulling, such as rowing or pulling objects toward the body.

Understanding the role of the rhomboids contributes to knowledge of shoulder girdle stability and function, which are critical concepts in fields such as orthotics and prosthetics. Correctly identifying their actions aids in developing rehabilitation protocols and designing orthotic devices to support or enhance the function of the shoulder girdle.