In TF prosthetics, if there is excessive heel rise, which factor could be contributing?

In transfemoral (TF) prosthetics, excessive heel rise during the swing phase can be attributed to various factors, primarily associated with the mechanics of how the prosthetic limb is functioning in relation to the user's body dynamics. A weak extension aid plays a crucial role in controlling the knee’s extension as the individual moves through the gait cycle. The extension aid is designed to help the knee joint extend appropriately during the swing phase to maintain a natural gait pattern.

If the extension aid is weak or insufficiently tensioned, it may fail to provide the necessary support for the knee to control the position of the foot relative to the ground, leading to increased heel rise as the person walks. This undesired elevation of the heel can disrupt the balance and rhythm of the gait, causing compensation strategies that may lead to additional issues over time.

In contrast, while the other factors such as socket misalignment, friction settings, and foot misalignment can indeed impact gait mechanics, they often relate to different aspects of the prosthetic function. Socket misalignment can affect weight distribution and comfort but may not specifically result in excessive heel rise. Similarly, if friction is set too high, it would generally slow down the swing phase, potentially leading to a reduced heel rise rather than