Which action is primarily performed by the levator scapulae?

The primary function of the levator scapulae muscle is to elevate the scapula and assist in downward rotation. This muscle originates from the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae and inserts on the superior angle of the scapula. When the levator scapulae contracts, it elevates the scapula towards the ears and can rotate it downward, which is particularly important for actions like shrugging the shoulders and maintaining proper posture.

The downward rotation is especially significant during overhead movements or when the arm is raised, facilitating proper shoulder mechanics. Therefore, understanding the dual action of elevation combined with downward rotation helps in appreciating the role of the levator scapulae in various upper extremity activities.